Certified Information Privacy Professional (CIPP) Practice Questions 2026 – All-in-One Guide to Exam Success!

The correct answer encompasses a broad range of actions that the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) considers unfair practices in the context of market competition and consumer protection. Each of the listed practices represents a violation of fair business conduct.

Falsely advertising financial benefits can deceive consumers into believing they will receive certain financial advantages which do not exist. This creates an unfair advantage for businesses that mislead consumers and undermines trust in the marketplace.

Not providing privacy notices can also be considered unfair, particularly in a digital age where consumers expect transparency around how their personal data is used. This omission does not just contravene good practice but can also violate legal standards such as the Privacy Rule, leading to consumer detriment.

Misleading commercial communications, which can include false claims, deceptive messages, or misrepresentations about products or services, further reinforces the concept that consumers are entitled to accurate information to make informed decisions. Misleading advertisements can distort competition and mislead customers, harming both consumers and competitors who adhere to fair practices.

In summary, all the aforementioned actions are considered unfair practices by the FTC as they harm consumers and disrupt fair market competition, justifying the selection of the broad option.